International Tables for Crystallography

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Examples of the use of normalizers
E. Koch and W. Fischer. International Tables for Crystallography (2006). Vol. A, ch. 15.3, pp. 900-903  [ doi:10.1107/97809553602060000535 ]

Abstract

In Chapter 15.3, examples for the use of Euclidean and affine normalizers for crystallographic purposes are given: (i) The derivation of Euclidean- and affine-equivalent point configurations and Wyckoff positions constitutes the basis for the definition of Wyckoff sets. The derivation of all different but Euclidean-equivalent coordinate descriptions of a certain crystal structure is described provided that the description of its space group (basis vectors and origin) remains unchanged. (ii) Each transition from one coordinate description of a crystal structure to another equivalent one necessarily causes changes in the corresponding list of structure factors: either the phases of the reflections or the phases and the indices are changed. As a consequence, the Euclidean normalizers of the space groups lead to a simple derivation of phase restrictions for use in direct methods to `fix the origin and the enantiomorph'. (iii) Different subgroups (or supergroups) of a given space group that play an analogous role with respect to this space group may be identified with the aid of the Euclidean or affine normalizers. (iv) The ranges of the metrical and coordinate parameters that have to be considered for geometrical studies of point configurations can be reduced with the aid of the Euclidean and affine normalizers of space groups.


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About International Tables for Crystallography

International Tables for Crystallography is the definitive resource and reference work for crystallography. The multi-volume series comprises articles and tables of data relevant to crystallographic research and to applications of crystallographic methods in all sciences concerned with the structure and properties of materials.