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International
Tables for Crystallography Volume F Crystallography of biological macromolecules Edited by M. G. Rossmann and E. Arnold © International Union of Crystallography 2006 |
International Tables for Crystallography (2006). Vol. F. ch. 19.3, p. 433
Section 19.3.3.2.1. Instruments on conventional sources
a
SSRL/SLAC & Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, PO Box 4349, MS69, Stanford, California 94309-0210, USA, and bDepartment of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA |
Kratky cameras, which are commercially available, have been used for many years in small-angle X-ray scattering studies of synthetic polymers and relatively large biological systems (Glatter & Kratky, 1982![[link]](/graphics/greenarr.gif)
). These instruments record scattering in only one dimension, thus they are not always suitable for the study of weak X-ray scatterers, although excellent accessibility to small angles is often achieved. More recent small-angle X-ray scattering instruments have a pinhole collimation system similar to those used on synchrotron instruments described below. They allow isotropic scattering to be measured with a two-dimensional detector (Bu et al., 1998). Synthetic multilayered materials, such as Mo-B4C, formed on a figured surface serve as a monochromator element as well as a focusing device and produce an X-ray beam with very small divergence (Schuster & Göbel, 1995). Many instruments on conventional sources could benefit from this new development in X-ray optics.
References
Bu, Z., Perlo, A., Johnson, G. E., Olack, G., Engelman, D. M. & Wyckoff, H. W. (1998). A small-angle X-ray scattering apparatus for studying biological macromolecules in solution. J. Appl. Cryst. 31, 533–543.Google Scholar
Glatter, O. & Kratky, O. (1982). Editors. Small angle X-ray scattering. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Schuster, M. & Göbel, H. (1995). Parallel-beam coupling into channel-cut monochromators using curved graded multilayers. J. Phys. D, 28, A270–A275.Google Scholar
