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International
Tables for Crystallography Volume C Mathematical, physical and chemical tables Edited by E. Prince © International Union of Crystallography 2006 |
International Tables for Crystallography (2006). Vol. C. ch. 7.1, pp. 632-633
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The use of linear and area detectors has increased markedly in recent years (Arndt, 1988![[link]](/graphics/greenarr.gif)
). No new principles for the construction of linear devices have emerged, but more examples of each type have become commercially available.
Many more structures have been determined with area-detector diffractometers. The most commonly used gas-filled detectors at present are the delay-line read out MWPC first described by Xuong et al. (1978), as developed by Hamlin (1985), and a detector using a modification of the coded-anode read out due to Burns (Durbin, Burns, Moulai, Metcalf, Freymann, Blum, Anderson, Harrison & Wiley, 1986; Howard, Gilliland, Finzel, Poulos, Ohlendorf & Salemne, 1987; Derewenda & Helliwell, 1989). Corresponding instruments in the USSR and their use have been described by Anisimov, Zanevskii, Ivanov, Morchan, Peshekhonov, Chan Dyk Tkhan, Chan Khyo Dao, Cheremukhina & Chernenko (1986) and by Andrianova, Popov, Kheiker, Zanevskii, Ivanov, Peshekhonov & Chernenko (1986).
A two-dimensional photon-counting X-ray detector has been described by Collett & Podolsky (1988).
The widespread use of area-detector methods in single-crystal studies, especially for macromolecular material, has been greatly aided by the development of complete software packages to deal with all aspects of data collection and handling. Earlier program packages (Howard, Nielson & Xuong, 1985; Pflugrath & Messerschmidt, 1987; Thomas, 1987) tended to be specific to one particular detector and its associated diffractometer. However, following the initiative of Bricogne (1987) and with financial assistance from EEC funds, a group of scientists, including most of the originators of the earlier packages, are now collaborating in writing, extending, and maintaining a comprehensive device-independent position-sensitive-detector software package.
References
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