International
Tables for
Crystallography
Volume F
Crystallography of biological macromolecules
Edited by M. G. Rossmann and E. Arnold

International Tables for Crystallography (2006). Vol. F. ch. 23.3, pp. 619-622

Table A23.3.1.3 

R. E. Dickersona*

a Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095–1570, USA
Correspondence e-mail: red@mbi.ucla.edu

Table A23.3.1.3 | top | pdf |
X-ray analyses of Z helices

See introductory notes to Table A23.3.1.1[link]. odm = 6H,8H-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5c][1,2]oxazin-7-one.

(a) Hexadecamers

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
CGCGCGTTTTCGCGCG (hairpin) C 2 4 8 1988, UCLA UDP011 (Z20, Z25)

(b) Decamers (disordered)

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
GCGCGCGCGC [P6_{5}] 6 2 1996, Ohio State ZDJ050 (Z46)

(c) Octamers

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
CGCICICG [P6_{5}] 6 8 1992, Thomas Jefferson ZDH030 (Z32)
CGCGCGCG [P6_{5}] 6 8 1985, MIT (ZDH017) (Z10)
CGCATGCG [P6_{5}] 6 8 1985, MIT (ZDH016) (Z10)

(d) Heptamers (overhanging 5′ bases)

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
GCGCGCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1997, Oregon State ZDG054 (Z50)
G5meCGCGCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1997, Oregon State ZDG055 (Z50)
GCGCGCG/GCGCGCT [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1997, Oregon State ZDG056 (Z50)
GCGCGCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1997, Ohio State ZDG057 (Z51)

(e) Hexamers

(1) Alternating CG: Pu-Py alternation retained

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
CGCGCG, Mg [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1989, MIT ZDF002 (Z23)
CGCGCG, DL racemate [P\overline{1}] 2 6 1993, Osaka ZDF040 (Z36)
CGCGCG/spermine [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1991, MIT ZDF029 (Z29)
CGCGCG/spermine, 163 K [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1994, MIT ZDF035 (Z41)
CGCGCG/spermine, Mg [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1979, MIT ZDF001 (Z1, Z23)
CGCGCG/spermidine [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1996, MIT ZDF052 (Z47)
CGCGCG/thermospermidine [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1996, MIT ZDF053 (Z48)
CGCGCG, Co, Mg [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1985, MIT (ZDF019) (Z11)
CGCGCG, Co, Mg [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1993, Illinois (ZDF044) (Z37)
CGCGCG/spermine, Co [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1993, Illinois (ZDF045) (Z37)
CGCGCG, Ru [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1987, MIT (ZDF007) (Z18)
CG c g CG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1989, MIT (ZHF026) (Z24)

(2) Alternating CG: Pu-Py alternation broken

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
CCGCGG [C222_{1}] 8 6 1994, Moscow UDF025 (Z42)

(3) Modified CG bases: Pu-Py alternation retained

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
CGaraCGCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1989, MIT (ZDFS27) (Z24)
CGC6moGCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1990, Rutgers ZDFB21 (Z26)
CGCG4moCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1990, Cambridge ZDFB25 (Z27)
CGCG4moCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1993, Manchester ZDFB36 (Z35)
CGCG5brCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1996, Manchester ZDFB51 (Z49)
CGCGodmCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1995, Cambridge ZDFB43 (Z43)
5me CG5meCG5meCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1982, MIT ZDFB03 (Z6, Z7)
5br CG5brCG5brCG, 291 K [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1986, Strasbourg ZDFB04 (Z16, Z19)
5br CG5brCG5brCG, 310 K [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1986, Strasbourg ZDFB05 (Z16, Z19)
Aminohexyl-CG5brCGCG C 2 4 6 1993, Illinois (ZDFA32) (Z38)
ara CGaraCGaraCG (disordered) [P6_{5}22] 12 2 1992, Illinois ZDFS33 (Z34)

(4) Modified CG bases: Pu-Py alternation broken

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
[^{\rm 5me}\hbox{CG}\underline{\hbox{G}}\hbox{G}^{\rm 5me}\hbox{CG}] [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1993, Oregon State ZDFB37 (Z40)

(5) With A, T, U, I bases: Pu-Py alternation retained

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
5me CGTA5meCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1984, MIT ZDFB06 (Z8)
CGT2amACG [P3_{2}21] 6 3 1995, Rutgers ZDFB41 (Z44)
CGT2amACG, Pt [P3_{2}21] 6 3 1995, Rutgers ZDFB42 (Z44)
CGU2amACG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1992, Rutgers ZDFB31 (Z33)
5me CGUA5meCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1990, Oregon State ZDFB24 (Z28)
5me CGUA5meCG, Cu [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 5 1991, Oregon State ZDFB10 (Z30)
CACGTG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1988, MIT (ZDF008) (Z21)
C2amACGTG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1986, MIT ZDFB11 (Z17)
CGCICG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1993, Thomas Jefferson (ZDFB34) (Z39)
CACGCG/CGCGTG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1995, Madras ZDF039 (Z45)
CGCACG/CGTGCG [P2_{1}] 2 6 1995, Madras ZDF038 (Z45)

(6) With A, T, U, I bases: Pu-Py alternation broken

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
[^{\rm 5br}\hbox{CG}\underline{\hbox{AT}}^{\rm 5br}\hbox{CG}] [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1985, MIT (ZDFB09) (Z13)

(7) With mismatches (underlined)

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
CGCGTG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1985, MIT ZDF013 (Z12)
C[\underline{\hbox{G}}\hbox{CG}^{\rm 5fl}\underline{\hbox{U}}]G [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1989, MIT ZDFB12 (Z22)
[^{\rm 5br}\underline{\hbox{U}}]GCGCG [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1986, Cambridge ZDFB14 (Z15)
CGCGTG, Co, Mg [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1993, Illinois ZDF046 (Z37)
CGCGTG, Cu, Mg [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1993, Illinois ZDF047 (Z37)
[^{\rm 5me}\hbox{C}\underline{\hbox{G}}^{\rm 5me}\hbox{CG}\underline{\hbox{T}}]G, Ba [P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}] 4 6 1993, Illinois (ZDFB48) (Z37)

(f) Tetramers

Sequence Space group Z Ubp Date, institution NDB No. Reference
CGCG [C222_{1}] 8 4 1980, UCLA (CIT) ZDD015 (Z3, Z4, Z5)
CGCG (disordered) [P6_{5}] 6 6 1980, MIT ZDD023 (Z2)

References (numbered chronologically by year and alphabetically by first author within each year)

Year Reference
1979 (Z1) A. H.-J. Wang, G. J. Quigley, F. J. Kolpak, J. L. Crawford, J. H. van Boom, G. van der Marel & A. Rich (1979). Nature (London), 282, 680–686.
1980 (Z2) J. L. Crawford, F. J. Kolpak, A. H.-J. Wang, G. J. Quigley, J. H. van Boom, G. van der Marel & A. Rich (1980). Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 77, 4016–4020.
(Z3) H. R. Drew, T. Takano, S. Tanaka, K. Itakura & R. E. Dickerson (1980). Nature (London), 286, 567–573.
1981 (Z4) R. E. Dickerson, H. R. Drew & B. N. Conner (1981). Biomolecular stereodynamics, Vol. 1, edited by R. H. Sarma, pp. 1–34. New York: Adenine Press.
(Z5) H. R. Drew & R. E. Dickerson (1981). J. Mol. Biol. 152, 723–736.
1982 (Z6) S. Fujii, A. H.-J. Wang, G. van der Marel, J. H. van Boom & A. Rich (1982). Nucleic Acids Res. 10, 7879–7892.
(Z7) S. Fujii, A. H.-J. Wang, J. van Boom & A. Rich (1982). Nucleic Acids Res. Symp. Ser. 11, 109–112.
1984 (Z8) A. H.-J. Wang, T. Hakoshima, G. van der Marel, J. H. van Boom & A. Rich (1984). Cell, 37, 321–331.
1985 (Z9) R. G. Brennan & M. Sundaralingam (1985). J. Mol. Biol. 181, 561–563.
(Z10) S. Fujii, A. H.-J. Wang, G. J. Quigley, H. Westerink, G. van der Marel, J. H. van Boom & A. Rich (1985). Biopolymers, 24, 243–250.
(Z11) R. V. Gessner, G. J. Quigley, A. H.-J. Wang, G. A. van der Marel, J. H. van Boom & A. Rich (1985). Biochemistry, 24, 237–240.
(Z12) P. S. Ho, C. A. Frederick, G. J. Quigley, G. A. van der Marel, J. H. van Boom, A. H.-J. Wang & A. Rich (1985). EMBO J. 4, 3617–3623.
(Z13) A. H.-J. Wang, R. V. Gessner, G. A. van der Marel, J. H. van Boom & A. Rich (1985). Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 82, 3611–3615.
1986 (Z14) R. G. Brennan, E. Westhof & M. Sundaralingam (1986). J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 3, 649–665.
(Z15) T. Brown, G. Kneale, W. N. Hunter & O. Kennard (1986). Nucleic Acids Res. 14, 1801–1809.
(Z16) B. Chevrier, A. C. Dock, B. Hartmann, M. Leng, D. Moras, M. T. Thuong & E. Westhof (1986). J. Mol. Biol. 188, 707–719.
(Z17) M. Coll, A. H.-J. Wang, G. A. van der Marel, J. H. van Boom & A. Rich (1986). J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 4, 157–172.
1987 (Z18) P. S. Ho, C. A. Frederick, D. Saal, A. H.-J. Wang & A. Rich (1987). J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 4, 521–534.
(Z19) E. Westhof (1987). J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 5, 581–600.
1988 (Z20) R. Chattopadhyaya, S. Ikuta, K. Grzeskowiak & R. E. Dickerson (1988). Nature (London), 334, 175–179.
(Z21) M. Coll, I. Fita, J. Lloveras, J. A. Subirana, F. Bardella, T. Huynh-Dinh & J. Igolen (1988). Nucleic Acids Res. 16, 8695–8705.
1989 (Z22) M. Coll, D. Saal, C. A. Frederick, J. Aymami, A. Rich & A. H.-J. Wang (1989). Nucleic Acids Res. 17, 911–923.
(Z23) R. V. Gessner, C. A. Frederick, G. J. Quigley, A. Rich & A. H.-J. Wang (1989). J. Biol. Chem. 264, 7921–7935.
(Z24) M.-K. Teng, Y.-C. Liaw, G. A. van der Marel, J. H. van Boom & A. H.-J. Wang (1989). Biochemistry, 28, 4923–4928.
1990 (Z25) R. Chattopadhyaya, K. Grzeskowiak & R. E. Dickerson (1990). J. Mol. Biol. 211, 189–210.
(Z26) S. L. Ginell, S. Kuzmich, R. A. Jones & H. M. Berman (1990). Biochemistry, 29, 10461–10465.
(Z27) L. Van Meervelt, M. H. Moore, P. K. T. Lin, D. M. Brown & O. Kennard (1990). J. Mol. Biol. 216, 773–781.
(Z28) G. Zhou & P. S. Ho (1990). Biochemistry, 29, 7229–7236.
1991 (Z29) M. Egli, L. D. Williams, Q. Gao & A. Rich (1991). Biochemistry, 30, 11388–11402.
(Z30) B. H. Geierstanger, T. F. Kagawa, S.-L. Chen, G. J. Quigley & P. S. Ho (1991). J. Biol. Chem. 266, 20185–20191.
1992 (Z32) V. D. Kumar, R. W. Harrison, L. C. Andrews & I. T. Weber (1992). Biochemistry, 31, 1541–1550.
(Z33) B. Schneider, S. L. Ginnell, R. Jones, B. Gaffney & H. M. Berman (1992). Biochemistry, 21, 9622–9628.
(Z34) H. Zhang, G. A. van der Marel, J. H. van Boom & A. H.-J. Wang (1992). Biopolymers, 32, 1559–1569.
1993 (Z35) A. R. Cervi, A. Guy, G. A. Leonard, R. Teoule & W. N. Hunter (1993). Nucleic Acids Res. 21, 5623–5629.
(Z36) M. Doi, M. Inoue, K. Tomoo, T. Ishida, Y. Ueda, M. Akagi & H. Urata (1993). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 10432–10433.
(Z37) Y.-G. Gao, K. Sriram & A. H.-J. Wang (1993). Nucleic Acids Res. 21, 4093–4101.
(Z38) Y.-C. Jean, Y.-G. Gao & A. H.-J. Wang (1993). Biochemistry, 32, 381–388.
  (Z39) V. D. Kumar & I. T. Weber (1993). Nucleic Acids Res. 9, 2201–2208.
(Z40) G. P. Schroth, T. F. Kagawa & P. Shing Ho (1993). Biochemistry, 32, 13381–13392.
1994 (Z41) D. Bancroft, L. D. Williams, A. Rich & M. Egli (1994). Biochemistry, 33, 1073–1086.
(Z42) L. Malinina, L. Urpi, X. Salas, T. Huynh-Dinh & J. A. Subirana (1994). J. Mol. Biol. 243, 484–493.
1995 (Z43) M. H. Moore, L. Van Meervelt, S. A. Salisbury, P. Kong Thoo Lin & D. M. Brown (1995). J. Mol. Biol. 251, 665–673.
(Z44) G. N. Parkinson, G. M. Arvantis, L. Lessinger, S. L. Ginnell, R. Jones, B. Gaffney & H. M. Berman (1995). Biochemistry, 34, 15487–15495.
(Z45) C. Sadasivan & N. Gautham (1995). J. Mol. Biol. 248, 918–930.
1996 (Z46) C. Ban, B. Ramakrishnan & M. Sundaralingam (1996). Biophys. J. 71, 1215–1221.
(Z47) H. Ohishi, I. Nakanishi, K. Inubushi, G. A. van der Marel, J. H. van Boom, A. Rich, A. H.-J. Wang, T. Hakoshima & K. Tomita (1996). FEBS Lett. 391, 143–156.
(Z48) H. Ohishi, N. Terasoma, I. Nakanishi, G. A. van der Marel, J. H. van Boom, A. Rich, A. H.-J. Wang, T. Hakoshima & K. Tomita (1996). FEBS Lett. 398, 291–296.
(Z49) M. R. Peterson, S. J. Harrop, S. M. McSweeney, G. A. Leonard, A. W. Thompson, W. N. Hunter & J. R. Helliwell (1996). J. Synchrotron Rad. 3, 24–34.
1997 (Z50) B. H. M. Mooers, B. F. Eichman & P. S. Ho (1997). J. Mol. Biol. 269, 796–810.
(Z51) B. Pan, C. Ban, M. Wahl & M. Sundaralingam (1997). Biophys. J. 83, 1553–1561.