International
Tables for
Crystallography
Volume F
Crystallography of biological macromolecules
Edited by M. G. Rossmann and E. Arnold

International Tables for Crystallography (2006). Vol. F. ch. 25.2, p. 702

Figure 25.2.1.2 

W. Fureya*
[Figure 25.2.1.2]
Figure 25.2.1.2

Relationships between noncrystallographic symmetry rotation axis direction, orthogonal reference system axes X, Y, Z and crystallographic axes. The X axis is aligned with the crystal a. The Y axis is parallel to [{\bf a} \times {\bf c}^{*}]. The Z axis is parallel to [\bf{X} \times \bf{Y}], i.e. [{\bf c}^{*}]. ψ is the angle between the NC rotation and +Y axes. φ is the angle between the projection of the NC rotation axis in the XZ plane and the +X axis, with +φ counterclockwise when viewed from +Y toward the origin. χ is the amount of rotation about the directed axis, with +χ clockwise when viewed from the axis toward the origin.