International Tables for Crystallography

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Applications in glass-ceramics
S. T. Misture. International Tables for Crystallography (2019). Vol. H, ch. 7.9, pp. 828-833  [ doi:10.1107/97809553602060000983 ]

Abstract

The glass-ceramic method enables the synthesis of monolithic solids, fibres, coatings and other geometries with unique microstructures and properties. Diffraction methods are often the tools of choice for characterizing glass-ceramics during and after devitrification. The glass-crystal microstructure that results from devitrification of a glass can be characterized with respect to phase identity, phase quantity, crystallite size and/or microstrain and crystallite orientation. Crystallization of bulk glasses and frit-processed glasses in powder form may be studied both in situ and after cooling. The kinetics of nucleation and growth can be examined using isothermal and non-isothermal methods, from which the primary mechanisms controlling the transformation from the amorphous to the crystalline state may be determined. Specifically, the mass transport and directionality of crystal growth during the devitrification process may be determined. In addition, kinetics analyses provide the energetics of the nucleation and growth processes. Diffraction methods provide the fundamentals of crystallization as well as a practical approach for the rapid and efficient development of glass-ceramic processes.


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About International Tables for Crystallography

International Tables for Crystallography is the definitive resource and reference work for crystallography. The multi-volume series comprises articles and tables of data relevant to crystallographic research and to applications of crystallographic methods in all sciences concerned with the structure and properties of materials.